علوم مهارتی و خلاقیت

علوم مهارتی و خلاقیت

تأثیرات آللوپاتیک عصاره بذرهای علف باغی (Dactylis glomerata L.) و علف پشمکی (Bromus inermis L.) بر پتانسیل جوانه‌زنی و صفات رویشی دو گونه یونجه (M. sativa و M. scutellata)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای، تهران، ایران
2 کارشناس مسئول پژوهشی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
3 گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای، تهران، ایران
چکیده
آللوپاتی یا دگرتأثیری، یکی از تنش­های زیستی است که سبب ایجاد تغییر در مسیرهای متابولیسمی گیاهان، کاهش جوانه­زنی و رشد آن‎ها می­شود. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیرات آللوپاتیک دو گونه مرتعی Bromus inermis و Dactylic glomerata بر پتانسیل جوانه­زنی (درصد و سرعت) و شاخص­های رشد اولیه (بنیه گیاهچه، طول ریشه­چه و طول ساقه­چه) دو گونه یونجه شاملMedicago sativa  و Medicago scutellata، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش عصاره آبی بذرهای دو گونه علف باغی و علف پشمکی بودند که در شش سطح غلظت شامل صفر (شاهد)، 50، 100، 200، 300 و 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر روی بذرهای دو گونه یونجه اعمال گردیدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که غلظت عصاره بر صفات اندازه­گیری شده بذر اثر بازدارندگی معنی­داری داشت. مقایسه میانگین شاخص­ها نیز حاکی از این بود که افزایش سطح غلظت عصاره سبب کاهش درصد جوانه­زنی، سرعت جوانه­زنی، شاخص بنیه گیاهچه، طول ریشه­چه و طول ساقه­چه شد.به‌طوری که بیشترین سرعت و درصد جوانه­زنی در تیمار شاهد و کمترین آن در غلظت 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر مشاهده شد. با توجه به جوانه­زنی بیشتر گونه M. scutellata در سطوح مختلف غلظت، می­توان چنین استنباط کرد که عصاره­های به­کاررفته در این آزمایش بر گونهM. sativa  اثر بازدارندگی بیشتری داشتند که این امر می­تواند سبب کاهش سطح تولید علوفه مراتع شود. در نتیجه توصیه می­گردد که در مرتعکاری­ها، کشت یونجه همراه با گیاهانی انجام شود که تحمل بیشتری در برابر تأثیرات آللوپاتیک سایر گونه‎ ها دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Allelopathic Effect of Seed Extract of Dactylis glomerata L. and Bromus inermis L. on Germination Potential and Vegetation Traits of Medicago sativa and Medicago scutellata

نویسندگان English

Mohadeseh Amiri 1
Hossein Aghajantabar Ali 2
Rasoul Loghmanpour zarini 3
1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
2 Research Expert, Sari Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Allelopathy is one of the biotic stresses that causes changes in the plant metabolic pathways, and reductions in seed germination and its growth. To investigate the allelopathic effects of B. inermis and D. glomerata rangeland species on germination potential (percentage and rate) and primary growth indices (seedling vigority, root length and shoot length) of M. sativa and M. scutellata, a study was conducted based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications and under laboratory condition. The treatments consisted of an aqueous extract of seeds of B. inermis and D. glomerata with 0 (control), 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 (mg/l) concentration levels applied to the seeds of Medicago. The results of the analysis of variance showed a significant allelopathic effect of extract concentration on measured traits of the seed. The comparisons of the average indices also indicated that the increase in the extract concentration caused a decrease in the percentage of germination, germination rate, seedling vigour, root length and shoot length. Thus, the highest rate and percentage of germination was observed in the control treatment and the lowest in the concentration of 400 mg/l. Considering the higher germination of M. scutellata at different concentration levels, it can be concluded that the extracts used in this experiment on M. sativa had a more inhibitory effect, which can cause a decrease in rangeland fodder productivity. As a result, it is recommended to cultivate Medicago spp. in rangelands together with the plants that have the least inhibitory effect on it. 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Allelopathy
Growth Inhabitation
Germination
Vegetation Growth
Aqueous Extract
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  • تاریخ دریافت 25 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 20 دی 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 اسفند 1402